Summary
A large percentage of children with Down Syndrome (DS) have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) that is suboptimally treated by first-line surgical interventions. The persistence of OSA-related nightly intermittent hypoxemia and fragmented sleep may contribute to a cognitive impairment, reduced daily functional impairment as well as pulmonary vascular disease and myocardial dysfunction. We propose a randomized trial of oxygen therapy to treat obstructive sleep apnea.